焦点日报：常启德：布雷顿森林体系必须改革，而且亟待改革

凤凰网财经讯 10月31-11月1日，由凤凰卫视、世界自然基金会（瑞士）北京代表处（WWF）主办，落基山研究所（RMI）、北京市企业家环保基金会(SEE基金会)、大道应对气候变化促进中心(C Team)联合主办的“零碳使命国际气候峰会2022”在北京召开，凤凰网财经进行全程报道。本届峰会以“绿色发展，碳路中国”为主题，盛邀近70位政商学界顶级嘉宾，共商低碳转型与应对气候变化，推进切实有效的有关行动。

联合国系统驻华协调员常启徳(Siddharth Chatterjee)

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当前气候和环境正在发生巨大变化，巴基斯坦的毁灭性洪水、美国飓风以及中国的高温干旱都是串联其中的个中案例。与此同时，多变的国家关系也让国际间的气候合作蒙上阴影。联合国环境规划署也在近日承认目前各国的减排承诺“几乎没有希望”避免气候灾难。

联合国系统驻华协调员常启徳(Siddharth Chatterjee)表示，各国需要在气候议题上重振合作和领导力，需要在多边主义中探寻解决之道，重燃旧的伙伴关系。为此，各国应把重点放在促进缓解而非导致分裂的议题上。在COP27（《联合国气候变化框架公约》第二十七次缔约方大会）到来之际，成员国必须重新焕发团结精神，遵循并履行巴黎协定的承诺（发达国家每年向发展中国家提供1000亿美元的气候资金），这也意味着各国必须带着资金坐上谈判桌。

他进一步表示，鉴于此，布雷顿森林体系必须改革，而且亟待改革。国际金融机构急需不断改革、调整经营方式以应对气候变化。此外，当前的气候现状还需要具有远见卓识的领导层指引方向、重视和推动，需要所有领导人重申承诺，采取果断行动。

以下为联合国系统驻华协调员常启徳(Siddharth Chatterjee)演讲实录：

中文版：

主持人：非常感谢张玉军主任详细的分析和介绍！下面我们掌声有请联合国系统驻华协调员常启德先生带来主题演讲！

常启德：尊敬的各位来宾，女士们、先生们，感谢凤凰卫视和世界自然基金会汇集各方贤达，主办本次重要讨论。下周世界各国领导人将齐聚埃及，举行联合国气候变化公约第二十七届缔约方大会，本次论坛召开的时间也是非常关键，提供了一个空间让我们反思这一盛会将要考虑的迫切需求和机会。

我们的气候和环境正在发生令人震惊的变化，这一事件愈发重大而紧迫，变化来得比预想更早，也比预想来得更快。

巴基斯坦的毁灭性洪水、美国的飓风以及中国高温干旱只是过去一年震撼世界的无数极端天气事件中的几个悲惨例子。

人类虐待自然母亲，现在我们正目睹自然母亲狰狞的一面。气候变化并不是潜伏在拐角伺机而动，（而是）已经降临在我们身上，重创数十亿人，留下死亡、痛苦和贫困。

在COP27（《联合国气候变化框架公约》第二十七次缔约方大会）到来之际，联合国在上周发布了一份报告，评估了各国迄今为止减排承诺的进展，结果令人深感关切。

绝大多数国家未能履行其对气候变化的承诺。减排承诺倒退将对地球和人类的未来造成致命打击，导致我们走向更多的气候变化、更多的洪水、更多的火灾、更多的饥饿、更多的疾病、更多的被迫迁徙和更多的冲突。人类别无选择，只能奋起迎接此刻的挑战。

为此，我们需要重振合作和领导力，需要在多边主义中探寻力量和解决之道，必须重燃旧的伙伴关系。建立新的伙伴关系，（我们需要）把重点放在促进缓解而非导致分裂的议题上。成员国下周齐聚COP27，（各国）必须重新焕发团结精神，遵循共同履行巴黎协定的真正承诺，

当然也意味着各国必须带着资金坐上谈判桌，财力和投资对减少排放、支持适应、建立韧性至关重要。根据巴黎协定，工业国家同意每年向发展中国家转移1000亿美元的气候资金，我们需要这些国家把钱支援给我们。布雷顿森林体系必须改革，而且亟待改革，我们需要国际金融机构改革、调整经营方式以应对气候变化，这些投资的收益将远超过前期成本。

除了重振多边主义并为其提供资金支持，我们还需要具有远见卓识的领导层指引方向、重视和推动。现在我们面临能源和燃料价格飙升，国家在冲突频发以及地区失稳、努力保供的过程中，各国政府必须采取措施避免对化石燃料的长期依赖，坚强的领导者会明白，解决迫在眉睫的能源需求的同时，我们还必须制定保障措施，确保紧急行动是暂时的，不会危及我们实现净零排放的道路。

现在我们比以往任何时候都需要中美两国重新担负起在气候变化问题上的共同领导作用，中美两国在全球气候议程上举足轻重，责任远远超过其国家选民的范围，并对世界其他地区产生直接影响。两国可以并且应该各自采取重大的气候行动，共同在全球范围产生积极影响。两国拥有丰富的科学知识和强大的制造能力，可以推动关键技术的开发和向可再生能源的快速转型，共同努力将比单打独斗成果更大，并在全球范围产生涟漪效应。同样重要的是，中美两国的共同影响力将促使其他国家加强气候行动与合作。

随着各国筹备参加COP27，联合国秘书长古特雷斯先生指出，未来的工作将与我们在世界各地看到的气候影响一样巨大，并补充说，现在是发达国家和新兴经济体之间改变游戏规则的时候了。

女士们、先生们，时不我待，我辈当奋发，谢谢大家！

英文版：

Excellencies,

Ambassadors,

Distinguished Guests,

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Thank you Phoenix TV and the World Wildlife Fund in China for hosting this important discussion with a distinguished audience.

This convening comes at a critical time, as world leaders prepare for COP27, the 27th UN Climate Change Conference, that will be held in Egypt next week. It offers a space to reflect on the pressing needs and opportunities that will be considered at that very important event.

An event that has taken on even more meaning and urgency in light of the alarming changes to our climate and environment that are occurring sooner and at a higher rate than anticipated.

The devastating floods in Pakistan, Hurricane Ian in the United States, and massive heatwaves and droughts in parts of China, are just a few tragic examples of the countless extreme weather events that have shaken our world in the past year.

The human race has abused mother nature and now we are witnessing a malevolent side of mother nature. Climate change isn’t lurking around the corner, waiting to pounce. It’s already upon us, raining down blows on billions of people, leaving in its wake, death, misery and destitution.

Last week, in anticipation of COP27, the United Nations issued a report that assesses progress on countries’ emissions commitments to date. The findings were deeply concerning.

A vast majority of countries are failing to live up to their commitments to fight climate change. Backsliding on commitments to reduce emissions will be a fatal blow to the future of our planet and people, leading us on a course toward more climate change, more floods, more fires, more hunger, more diseases, more forced migration and more conflicts.

Humanity has no choice but to rise to the challenges of this moment. To do so,we need reinvigorated collaboration and leadership.

We need to find strength and solutions in multilateralism. We must rekindle old partnerships and forge new ones, by focusing on the issues that bring us together, rather than solely on those that divide us. When Member States come together next week at COP27, they must come in the spirit of renewed solidarity and a genuine commitment to jointly deliver on the Paris Agreement.

This, of course, also means that they must come to the table with financing. Financial resources and investments are critical for reducing emissions, supporting adaptation, and building resilience. Under the Paris Agreement, industrialized countries agreed to transfer US$100 billion annually in climate funds to developing nations. We need these countries to show us the money.The Bretton Woods institutions must reform and do so with urgency. We need international financial institutions to revamp and reorient their business approaches to address climate change. The benefits from these investments will greatly surpass the upfront costs.

In addition to reinvigorated multilateralism and the financing to back it, we need direction and momentum from inspired leadership.

Particularly now, as we face soaring energy and fuel prices while governments work to secure supplies amid new conflicts and regional instability, countries must avoid taking action that increases their long-term dependence on fossil fuels. Strong leaders will understand that, while we address urgent energy needs today, we must put in place safeguards to ensure that emergency actions are temporary and do not jeopardize our path toward net-zero emissions.

And now more than ever, we need China and the U.S. to reassume their joint leadership role on climate change.

China and the U.S. weigh the most on the global climate agenda. Their responsibilities go far beyond their national constituencies and have a direct and immediate impact on the rest of the world. The two countries can and should each take dramatic climate action on their own, and together which will have a positive effect globally.

The two countries have vast scientific knowledge and manufacturing capability that can drive the development of critical technologies and a rapid transition to renewable energy. Joint efforts will yield much more than their independent efforts ever will, and these efforts will have ripple effects across the globe.

Just as important, the shared influence of these two countries will induce other countries to increase their climate action and cooperation.

As countries prepare for COP27, the UN SecretaryGeneral António Guterres noted that the work ahead will be “as immense as the climate impacts we are seeing around the world,” adding that “it is time for a gamechanging, quantum level compromise between developed and emerging economies.”There is no time to waste. Let us get to work.

Thank you.

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